
I must have told a dozen people over the last month that the way the tropical systems have been getting “sheared” this year (not allowing them to develop fully), makes it seem like an El Nino year.
Well, low and behold, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has issued and unscheduled El Nino Advisory! They say that over the last two weeks, sea surface temperatures have increased remarkably over the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Jeff mentioned this on his blog and I’ll provide the link to read the whole advisory at the end of this blog entry.
So how sea surface temperatures in the Pacific affect tropical systems in the Atlantic, Caribbean, and Gulf of Mexico? Here’s the answer:
The warmer than normal difference in temperature of the El Nino waters in the equatorial Pacific compared to the cooler water just to the north, help create a “sub-tropical jet stream” during the winter that runs across Mexico and the southern United States into the Atlantic. During the summer, it’s not really a jet stream anymore, but these “westerly” wind currents are much farther south than normal, shearing the tropical systems as they try to form (in the easterlies), keeping many of them from fully developing.
You might say that in the low levels of the tropics an easterly flow prevails, while in the higher levels a westerly flow prevails, hence the shear.
Caution should be taken, though, since we still are in the peak of the hurricane season. It’s not like a major hurricane won’t form at all during an El Nino, but there are ususally fewer of them.
In winter, a strong El Nino causes the southern states to be warmer and wetter than normal. Thad doesn’t mean it won’t get cold at all. It just means that when Dec.-Feb. is averaged out at the end of the winter, the result is warmer and wetter, due to that sub-tropical jet stream.
To read the whole advisory click below:
http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories2006/s2699.htm